There are many types of deer feed, but each has its drawbacks.
QUESTION: I’ve been reading about feeding cotton seed for deer protein and the qualities of this feed. It’s waterproof, reasonably priced and feeders or not required.
But some believe it reduces fawn production and say you should stop feeding the seed from September through December.
Some ranchers who feed cotton seed year round have found no noticeable reduction in fawn production. Even suppliers who sell the seed observe that buyers purchase year round. What do you recommend here? Does this apply to Axis deer as well? – Alvin C.
ANSWER: Cottonseed does have some desirable qualities as a supplemental deer feed for several reasons. It’s high in protein (23 percent), does not easily degrade under moist conditions, is readily available and less expensive (about half the cost of formulated protein pellets), and non-target species like hogs and raccoons don’t eat it – making it even less costly.
However, cottonseed contains a chemical called gossypol that has been shown to reduce antler quality, body condition and sperm quality in cervids (deer) if fed in high concentrations for extended periods.
One common pattern is to provide cottonseed from early January until spring green-up, at which time deer usually quit eating the feed anyway since there is plenty of natural protein available. Then, feed again once the weather turns hot, and continue until the end of September or October.
If you choose to go that route, you should gradually increase and decrease the amount of seed you provide. Deer have a very complex digestive system and it takes time for their rumen bacteria to adapt to different types of food. Any sudden change – abundance or absence – could cause distress or harm.
— Recent Ask the Biologist Question: Play the Numbers: Doe groups will always draw bucks during the rut. Find Out The Answer!