Spring hunting seasons are here, and many fall tags have already been drawn. If you’re planning your first archery black bear hunt in the coming months, one of the most important factors to consider is arrow placement. For hunters familiar with deer hunting, there are a few key anatomical differences that affect where you should aim on a bear. A poorly placed arrow can lead to a long blood trail — and potentially no recovered meat.
Placement
Black bears have slightly different anatomy than most ungulates. Their heart sits lower in the chest and is more protected by the front leg and shoulder, as well as layers of muscle and fat. Their lungs, however, extend farther back than many hunters expect. The last rib—where the diaphragm sits—is also positioned farther back on a bear than it is on a deer.
Because of this, the most effective shot is one that passes through both lungs. Many experienced hunters refer to this target as the “middle of the middle.” This area is roughly halfway between the front and hind legs and halfway between the spine and the lower belly line.
Aiming slightly forward—about an inch or two—of this spot helps ensure a double-lung hit while reducing the chances of hitting the liver.
Position
Like most big game animals, black bears are extremely resilient. For the best chance at a quick recovery, wait for a shot angle that allows you to pass an arrow through both lungs. The ideal shot opportunities are broadside or slightly quartering away.
If you’re hunting over bait, you can help create these opportunities. Placing logs or barriers perpendicular to your stand can encourage bears to approach or feed at the bait in a broadside position, giving you a better shot angle.
Final Thoughts
Archery black bear hunting can be incredibly rewarding when everything comes together. With a little preparation and an understanding of bear anatomy, you’ll be ready to place your arrow confidently when the moment arrives.